text_id stringclasses 9
values | page_url stringclasses 9
values | page_title stringclasses 9
values | section_title stringclasses 8
values | context_page_description stringclasses 8
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values | media sequence | hierachy sequence | category sequence | source_id stringclasses 7
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
projected-00012024-030 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General%20relativity | General relativity | Horizons | General relativity, also known as the general theory of relativity and Einstein's theory of gravity, is the geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915 and is the current description of gravitation in modern physics. General relativity generalizes special relativity and refines Newton's law of ... | Using global geometry, some spacetimes can be shown to contain boundaries called horizons, which demarcate one region from the rest of spacetime. The best-known examples are black holes: if mass is compressed into a sufficiently compact region of space (as specified in the hoop conjecture, the relevant length scale is ... | [
"Ergosphere of a rotating black hole.svg"
] | [
"Advanced concepts",
"Horizons"
] | [
"General relativity",
"Concepts in astronomy",
"Albert Einstein",
"1915 in science",
"Articles containing video clips"
] | |
projected-00064300-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart%20Simpson | Bart Simpson | Bartmania | Bartholomew JoJo "Bart" Simpson is a fictional character in the American animated television series The Simpsons and part of the Simpson family. He is voiced by Nancy Cartwright and first appeared on television in The Tracey Ullman Show short "Good Night" on April 19, 1987. Cartoonist Matt Groening created and designed... | In 1990, Bart quickly became one of the most popular characters on television in what was termed "Bartmania". He became the most prevalent Simpsons character on memorabilia, such as T-shirts. In the early 1990s, millions of T-shirts featuring Bart were sold; as many as one million were sold on some days. Believing Bart... | [
"Michael Jackson 1984.jpg"
] | [
"Reception and cultural influence",
"Bartmania"
] | [
"The Simpsons characters",
"Television characters introduced in 1987",
"Child characters in television",
"Male characters in animated series",
"Child characters in animated films",
"Animation controversies in television",
"Prank calling",
"Animated human characters",
"Comedy film characters",
"Tel... | wit-train-topic-000074888 |
projected-09702578-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1%20%E2%88%92%202%20%2B%203%20%E2%88%92%204%20%2B%20%E2%8B%AF | 1 − 2 + 3 − 4 + ⋯ | Introduction | In mathematics, 1 − 2 + 3 − 4 + ··· is an infinite series whose terms are the successive positive integers, given alternating signs. Using sigma summation notation the sum of the first m terms of the series can be expressed as
The infinite series diverges, meaning that its sequence of partial sums, , does not tend tow... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Divergent series",
"Mathematical series",
"Mathematical paradoxes"
] | wit-train-topic-004093622 | |
projected-00360245-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Sun%20Also%20Rises | The Sun Also Rises | Writing style | The Sun Also Rises is a 1926 novel by American writer Ernest Hemingway, his first, that portrays American and British expatriates who travel from Paris to the Festival of San Fermín in Pamplona to watch the running of the bulls and the bullfights. An early modernist novel, it received mixed reviews upon publication. He... | The novel is well known for its style, which is variously described as modern, hard-boiled, or understated. As a novice writer and journalist in Paris, Hemingway turned to Ezra Pound—who had a reputation as "an unofficial minister of culture who acted as mid-wife for new literary talent"—to mark and blue-ink his short ... | [
"L'Estaque, neige fondante, par Paul Cézanne.jpg"
] | [
"Writing style"
] | [
"1926 American novels",
"American autobiographical novels",
"American novels adapted into films",
"Bullfighting books",
"Charles Scribner's Sons books",
"Modernist novels",
"Novels by Ernest Hemingway",
"Novels set in France",
"Novels set in Paris",
"Novels set in Spain",
"Novels set in the Roar... | wit-train-topic-003396704 |
projected-01055890-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable%20energy | Sustainable energy | Environmental impacts | Energy is sustainable if it "meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs". Most definitions of sustainable energy include considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions and social and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Re... | The current energy system contributes to many environmental problems, including climate change, air pollution, biodiversity loss, the release of toxins into the environment, and water scarcity. As of 2019, 85% of the world's energy needs are met by burning fossil fuels. Energy production and consumption are responsible... | [
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"Climate change mitigation",
"Climate change policy",
"Emissions reduction",
"Energy economics",
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projected-00019603-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manhattan%20Project | Manhattan Project | Bomb design concepts | The Manhattan Project was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons. It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada. From 1942 to 1946, the project was under the direction of Major General Leslie Groves of the U.S. Army Corps of... | Compton asked theoretical physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer of the University of California to take over research into fast neutron calculations—the key to calculations of critical mass and weapon detonation—from Gregory Breit, who had quit on 18 May 1942 because of concerns over lax operational security. John H. Manley,... | [
"Los Alamos Primer assembly methods.png"
] | [
"Feasibility",
"Bomb design concepts"
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"Manhattan Project",
"1942 establishments in the United States",
"1946 disestablishments in the United States",
"American secret government programs",
"Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki",
"Explosives engineering",
"History of the Manhattan Project",
"Military history of Canada during World War... | |
projected-12806049-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whaam%21 | Whaam! | Description | Whaam! is a 1963 diptych painting by the American artist Roy Lichtenstein. It is one of the best-known works of pop art, and among Lichtenstein's most important paintings. Whaam! was first exhibited at the Leo Castelli Gallery in New York City in 1963, and purchased by the Tate Gallery, London, in 1966. It has been on ... | Whaam! depicts a fighter aircraft in the left panel firing a rocket into an enemy plane in the right panel, which disintegrates in a vivid red-and-yellow explosion. The cartoon style is emphasized by the use of the onomatopoeic lettering "WHAAM!" in the right panel, and a yellow-boxed caption with black lettering at th... | [
"Drawing for Whaam!.jpg",
"Gibbons after Novick.jpg"
] | [
"Description"
] | [
"1963 paintings",
"Collection of the Tate galleries",
"Paintings by Roy Lichtenstein",
"War paintings",
"Works based on DC Comics",
"Aviation art"
] | wit-validation-topic-000020344 |
projected-42943433-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue%20men%20of%20the%20Minch | Blue men of the Minch | Introduction | The blue men of the Minch, also known as storm kelpies ( ), are mythological creatures inhabiting the stretch of water between the northern Outer Hebrides and mainland Scotland, looking for sailors to drown and stricken boats to sink. They appear to be localised to the Minch and surrounding areas to the north and as fa... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Scottish folklore",
"Scottish legendary creatures",
"Scottish mythology",
"Water spirits",
"Piscine and amphibian humanoids"
] | wit-train-topic-005125075 | |
projected-00850072-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unknown%20%28magazine%29 | Unknown (magazine) | Influence | Unknown (also known as Unknown Worlds) was an American pulp fantasy fiction magazine, published from 1939 to 1943 by Street & Smith, and edited by John W. Campbell. Unknown was a companion to Street & Smith's science fiction pulp, Astounding Science Fiction, which was also edited by Campbell at the time; many authors ... | Unknown was, along with Weird Tales, an important early influence on the fantasy genre. In the foreword to From Unknown Worlds, in 1948, Campbell commented that fantasy before Unknown had been too much infused with "gloom and terror"; his approach in Unknown had been to assume that the "creatures of mythology and fol... | [
"Cartier Fear illo Unknown July 1940.jpg"
] | [
"Influence"
] | [
"Unknown (magazine)",
"1939 establishments in New York City",
"1943 disestablishments in New York (state)",
"Bimonthly magazines published in the United States",
"Monthly magazines published in the United States",
"Defunct science fiction magazines published in the United States",
"Fantasy fiction magaz... | wit-train-topic-000347286 |
We are now releasing the topics for model development for TREC-AToMiC. These topics are an addition on top of the validation set of AToMiC and aim to be closer to what you should expect for the task. The main difference is that they have a pooled set of annotations, leading to a richer annotation compared to the validation set. However, in order to achieve this richer annotation, there are way less queries (only 13) that have been selected to showcase different attributes of retrievers.
We note that the topics do not represent exactly what will be the final task (we will aim for topics that are more important to wikipedia), but more in a way that they were: a) Easy to annotate and b) Could show some important factor, such as topics from the AToMiC training set, but that the linked image is very different from others that may be found in the original AToMiC corpus. The 13 topics are divided into 4 areas:
TV/Cinema
We choose the five following topics: Goldfinger (Cast and Plot), Space Jam (Cast), Friends (Premise), How I met your Mother (Premise)
Here we want to see if the model can find simple information (e.g. photos of cast members that we now have photos on wikimedia), but also look into something more complicated (plot points for GoldFinger). There's also the idea of checking if the retriever will look into the Section as it is the goal of AToMiC and not pages (thus Cast and Plot should have very different results for Goldfinger).
Soccer
Three topics: Andrea Barzagli (Return to the national team: Euro 2012, 2013 Confederations Cup and 2014 World Cup), Manchester United (2013->Present and Ferguson years (1986–2013)).
Again, we want to make sure that models are looking more at the section level (including years that things happened) than the passage level. All topics here were selected knowing that images for those topics exist in other languages
Transportation
Again three topics: Emirates Airline (fleet), Flixbus (Europe) and List_of_Cadillac_vehicles
We chose those topics because they are easy for MultiModal models (Salient Points on images/ Require OCR), but are not always easy for text-only models (e.g. Some flixbus images describe only the bus model, but not the fact that it belongs to Flixbus).
Geography/History
Finally we also take two completely different topics: NIST () and Mutawakkilite_Kingdom_of_Yemen (introduction). The goal here was to pick something that not only was different from the ones before, but that also contain images that are not that present in traditional multimodal evaluation (e.g. Country maps, Schematics).
Baseline results
In order to annotate the queries we ran 5 baselines (4 Multi-Modal and 1 textual only) and created 3 ensembles (all multi-modal, best multi-modal + text, all 5 baselines). Everything is ran in the TREC task scenario ("AToMiC large"). We took the top-10 of each of the 8 runs and annotated it, leading to 533 annotations (average of 41 unique results per query). We run several metrics and present the results below:
The first thing we notice is that the models are able to perform better than expected on this set of topics. Indeed, if we compare the RR@10 of ViT-G on the validation of AToMiC (0.074) with the one we obtained it is clear that the sparse annotations do not suffise for this task (we talk in more detail below looking at each topic individually). More-so, the gap between textual only models (such as SPLADE) and Multi-Modal is greatly reduced, especially on precision based metrics. Finally, we are able to see improvements using an ensemble of multi-modal and text-only models.
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