Stack-Large

Stack is a large-scale encoder-decoder foundation model for single-cell biology. It introduces a novel tabular attention architecture that enables both intra- and inter-cellular information flow, setting cell-by-gene matrix chunks as the basic input data unit. Through in-context learning, Stack offers substantial performance improvements in generalizing biological effects and enables generation of unseen cell profiles in novel contexts.

Model Details

Property Value
Parameters 217M
Architecture Tabular Attention (alternating cell-wise and gene-wise attention)
Model Size Large
Pretraining Data Full human scBaseCount (~150M cells)
Pretraining Epochs 10

Usage

Installation

pip install arc-stack

Download Model

from huggingface_hub import snapshot_download

repo_id = "arcinstitute/Stack-Large"
local_dir = "Stack-Large"
snapshot_download(repo_id=repo_id, repo_type="model", local_dir=local_dir)

For detailed tutorials, see:

Citation

If you use this model, please cite:

  • Dong et al., 2026: Stack: In-context modeling of single-cell biology. Preprint. Paper link

License

For model licenses please see MODEL_ACCEPTABLE_USE_POLICY.md, MODEL_LICENSE.md, and LICENSE in stack Github.

Github Link

https://github.com/ArcInstitute/stack

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